Category: Biomedical Measurements

The various biomedical measurements performed in medical diagnosis and the different instruments used to collect data, process it, then record, display or transmit the data. For example how blood flow and blood pressure measurement is done, types of oximeters, etc.

Commonly used EEG Electrodes

The most commonly employed electrodes for recording electroencephalographic signals from the brain (EEG) are cup electrodes and subdermal needle electrodes. Cup electrodes are fabricated from platinum or tin approximately 5-10 mm in diameter. These cup electrodes are filled with a … Read More

The Principles of Microbial Biosensors

Introduction

The underlying basis of a microbial biosensor is the close proximity between an immobilized microorganism that serves as a specific recognition element and an electrochemical or optical sensing transducer that is used to convert the biochemical signal into an … Read More

The Instrumentation for Recording ECG Signals

Since the electrical events in the normal heart precede its mechanical function, ECG signals play an important role in diagnosis and monitoring of a wide variety of cardiac abnormalities including myocardial infarction and chamber enlargements. Hence, ECG signal acquisition systems … Read More

The Measurement of Tissue Optical Properties

The measurement of optical properties i.e. absorption coefficient (μa), scattering coefficient (μs), and scattering anisotropy (g) of biological tissues is a key challenge in the field of biomedical optics. Information about these parameters is essential in … Read More

The Operation of Fiber-optic Based Blood Gas Sensors

To perform in vivo measurements and to steadfastly analyze blood gases, a small, stable, accurate and bio-compatible sensor is needed that can be inserted in the blood flow of an artery through an arterial cannula and remain in place for … Read More

The Principle of Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensors for Detection of Antibody & Antigen Interactions

When monochromatic polarized light for instance, from a laser source impinges on a transparent medium having a conducting metallized surface (e.g. Ag or Au), there is a charge density oscillation at the interface. When a light at an appropriate wavelength … Read More

Key Properties of Bioelectrodes

To record biopotentials, an interface is required between the electron-conducting copper wires connected to signal conditioning amplifiers and the ion-conducting environment of living organisms. Electrodes form this interface.

Some of the several kinds of electrodes are better than others … Read More

The Principle of Temporal Artery Thermometer

This is a non-invasive scanning thermometer for measuring core body temperature. The measurement is based on scanning the area above the temporal artery using an IR detector.

Non-invasive thermometer
Source: Freepik

The superficial temporal artery extends directly from the external carotid artery … Read More

Basic Features of Enzyme Based Biosensors

Enzymes are the commonly used biological sensing element in the fabrication of various biosensors. Enzymes have unique properties and ability to accelerate chemical reactions inside biological cells. Most enzymes react only with specific substrates even though they may be contained … Read More

Fleisch Pneumotachometer Operation & Biomedical Application

Fleisch Pneumotachometer is one of the most common types of airflow transducers. It consists of a straight short-tube with a fixed screen obstruction in the middle that produces a slight pressure drop as the air is passed through the … Read More