Dispersive spectrometry (DS) methods make up a large number of ultraviolet, visible light and infrared spectroscopy systems. DS refers to the fact that the light or electromagnetic radiation passed through the sample (analyte) must pass through a monochromator either before … Read More
Category: Biomedical Analysis & Related Instrumentation
Biomedical analysis and the related instruments: Key areas of covered include medical diagnosis with chemical tests, spectrophotometry, colorimeters and clinical flame photometers.
Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry
When a sample is introduced into a flame, only a small fraction of the atoms are in an excited or high energy state [as per the Boltzmann equation] and most atoms of the element remain in the unexcited or ground … Read More
Principle for Measurement of Partial Pressure of Carbon Dioxide
How Spectrofluorimeters are used in Biomedical Measurements
After absorption of light energy, all compounds release some energy as heat; fluorescent compounds represent a special case in which some energy is also given off as light. Spectrofluorimeters are optical devices that measure the amount of light that is … Read More
Principle of Operation of a Medical Mass Spectrometer
A mass spectrometer is an instrument that produces a stream of charged particles (ions) from a substance being analyzed, separates the ions into a spectrum according to their mass-to-charge ratios, and ascertains the relative abundance of each type of ion … Read More
How Gas-Liquid Chromatograph (GLC) is used in Clinical Measurements
In chromatography, differences in the rate of movement of components of a mixture in the mobile phase, caused by interaction of these components with the stationery phase, are used to separate the components.
In clinical laboratory instrumentation, chromatographic methods are … Read More
The Principle of Measurement of pH
A pH meter is an instrument that determines the acidity or basicity of aqueous solutions.
The measurement of pH is achieved by utilizing a glass electrode that generates an electric potential when solutions of differing pH are placed on the … Read More
How Estimation of Oxygen and Carbon dioxide is Carried out in Biological Solutions
Estimating Oxygen in Biological Solutions
Oxygen concentration in solution is usually estimated electrolytically. The basic principle is that, if a bright platinum electrode is placed in a solution, and +0.7 V is applied to it with respect to a reversible … Read More
How ionic composition of Tissue fluids is determined
Determination of ionic composition of Tissue fluids is accomplished using a number of chemical analytical methods with the help of various instruments.
We shall look at some of these methods used to estimate the ionic composition of tissue fluids based … Read More
How Flame Photometers are used in Chemical Analysis
Flame Photometer is used to quantify the concentration of Sodium and Potassium in the body.
Basic Principle of Operation of a Flame Photometer
When a sample is heated, the electrons are raised from the ground state to a higher state. … Read More