The Principle & Applications of Confocal Imaging

Confocal imaging (CI) is based on illuminating a single point on the sample and collecting scattered light from the same point of the sample. The illumination point on the sample is the image of the illumination pinhole and is imaged … Read More

Principle Parts and Types of ECG Recorders

Building Blocks of an ECG System

In Electrocardiography (ECG) recorder five leads from the patient are connected to the ECG recorder through a selector switch to obtain 12 lead configurations as illustrated below:

ECG recorder building blocks
Figure 1(a) ECG recorder building blocks

A … Read More

How Gas-Liquid Chromatograph (GLC) is used in Clinical Measurements

In chromatography, differences in the rate of movement of components of a mixture in the mobile phase, caused by interaction of these components with the stationery phase, are used to separate the components.

In clinical laboratory instrumentation, chromatographic methods are … Read More

What is the Function of a Phonocardiograph?

A phonocardiogram is a recording of the heart sounds and murmurs. The instrument used to make this recording is called the phonocardiograph. The recording of all the heart sounds during a cardiac cycle is termed to as phonocardiography.

Phonocardiogram eliminates … Read More

How Liquid Crystal Sensors are used in Biomedical Measurements

The principle of operation of liquid crystal sensors is based on the fact that liquid crystals change their state in such way that they modify passive scattering or absorption of light. As the crystal melt, the three-dimensional order becomes a … Read More